Isiphakamiso singesomkhakha wezobuchwepheshe wokhuni olunqanda isikhunta, futhi luhlobene ngokuqondile nendlela yokulwa nesikhunta sokhuni, izinkuni ezilwa nesikhunta kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo.Indlela yokulwa nomkhuhlane wezinkuni ehlinzekwa yile sixazululo ihlanganisa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo: ukwenza ukwelashwa okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa ngokhuni ukuze uthole izinkuni eziphethwe ukushisa okuphansi;izinga lokushisa lokushisa eliphansi -30-70 ° C;ukwenza ukwelashwa okushisa okuphakathi kwezinkuni eziphethwe izinga lokushisa eliphansi ukuze bathole ukwelashwa kwesibili Izinkuni;umjikelezo wokwelashwa okushisa okuphansi kanye nokwelashwa okuphakathi kwezinga lokushisa okungenani kabili ukuze uthole izinkuni ezivikela isikhutha;umjikelezo uqala ekwelapheni okushisa okuphansi.Ukusungulwa kucekela phansi udonga lwamaseli kanye nolwelwesi lwamangqamuzana okhuni ngokwelashwa okunokushisa okuphansi, ukuze imisoco emangqamuzaneni iphume;ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ezihlukile zokushisa okuphansi kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphakathi, umthombo wezakhi ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwebhaktheriya uyaqedwa, futhi ikhono lokulwa nomkhuhlane wezinkuni liyathuthukiswa.Indlela yokulwa nesikhutha ngokhuni olunikezwa yilolu hlelo igcina umbala nesakhiwo selogi ngokwayo futhi inokuvikela okuhle kwemvelo.
Isingeniso se-Wood mildew:
Izinkuni ezisanda kuvunwa kulula ukubumba uma kungekho zinyathelo zokuvikela ezifanele ezithathwa ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcinwa, ukucubungula nokusetshenziswa, okungathinti nje kuphela izinga lokubukeka futhi kunciphise inani lezomnotho, kodwa futhi kudala izimo zokuhlasela kwezinye isikhunta.Isikhunta ezinambuzaneni ikakhulukazi singcolisa indawo yokhuni futhi asinathonya elincane esisindweni namandla okhuni.Isikhunta sivame ukuvela okhunini kanye nezinye isikhunta, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlukanisa isikhunta nokubola kanye nesikhunta esishintsha umbala.Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ukhunta oludumayo luzala ngokushesha, ngokuvamile luvimbela ukukhula kwezinye isikhunta.Isikhunta sokuduma sihlasela izinkuni ngokuyinhloko ngokumunca ushukela nesitashi okhunini njengomthombo wokudla, ngaphandle kokucekela phansi udonga lwamangqamuzana futhi lungabi namphumela emandleni okhuni, kodwa lungandisa ukungena kwezinkuni.Isikhunta singenza izinkuni zenze amabala anemibala ehlukahlukene, futhi zakhe amabala ampunga ampunga, aluhlaza okotshani, abomvu-ophuzi, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokunye okuguqukile endaweni yokhuni.Isizathu sokuthi kungani lezi sikhunta zingabangela amachashaza ukuthi izinhlayiya ezinombala noma i-hyphae zinqwabelana phezu kokhuni, noma ukhuni lungcoliswe imikhiqizo ye-metabolism.Lawa machashaza esikhunta aphuzi, abomvu, aluhlaza okotshani kanye namnyama anamathele kakhulu endaweni yokhuni., ngokuvamile ingasuswa nge-bleach, i-wire brush noma i-fade ngemva kokumiswa, kodwa isikhunta sikhula isikhathi eside, ibala lizongena ku-fiber yokhuni, okuholela ekulimaleni kwezakhiwo zemishini yokhuni futhi kunciphise amandla okhuni. .
I-Wood mildew ibangelwa isikhunta esincane, esilulaza imikhiqizo yezinkuni nezinkuni, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kubangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho.Izinga lekhwalithi ye-plywood, i-veneer, ifenisha kanye nemikhiqizo yezinkuni zokuhlobisa ezweni lami inemikhawulo kumabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokukhunta, futhi imikhiqizo yokuthekelisa idinga Okuqinile, isikhutha asivunyelwe.Amazwe angaphandle anaka kakhulu i-anti-blueing kanye ne-anti-mildew.Izwe lami futhi linaka kakhulu ukwelashwa kwe-blueing kanye nokuqeda isikhutha ngokhuni lwenjoloba, uqalo neminye imikhiqizo ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe..Ngokuqaliswa kwemiklamo yokuvikela amahlathi emvelo, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo nokusetshenziswa kwezinkuni zensimu kanye noqalo, kanye nezinguquko emakethe yezinkuni ezibangelwa ukujoyina i-WTO, i-wood anti-blue stain kanye nezinyathelo zokunqanda isikhutha zizobaluleka kakhulu.Ukushicilelwa nokuqaliswa kwe-CBT18621-2013 ejwayelekile "Indlela Yokuhlola Yokulawula Ukusebenza Kwama-Agent Antifungal Ku-Wood Mold and Discoloration Fungus" kunikeze ugqozi locwaningo oluqhubekayo nokuthuthukiswa kwama-ejenti amasha e-antifungal kubantu.Kubonakala nje amaqoqo ezinhlamvu eziningi, abe mnyama, futhi abe nohlaza olukhanyayo: kube i-black speckle endaweni yokhuni olubanzi.Isikhunta esiningi sikhula ngamandla uma umswakama womkhathi ungaphezu kwama-90%.
Okunye ukubumba kungenzeka okhunini okunomswakama ongu-20%, ngakho isikhunta sokhuni simelana nezimo ezimbi kunesikhunta se-wood rot.Ukumelana nemithi yesikhunta nakho kuphakeme kunalokho kwesikhunta esibolayo.Isibonelo, uphayini olashwe nge-preservative (Pinus spp.) ungavimbela futhi ulawule isikhunta esiningi esibola izinkuni, kodwa hhayi nje kuphela awukwazi ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta esiningi, kodwa ungakhuthaza nokukhula kwesikhunta.Isikhunta esiningi siyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu.Ukulimala kwesikhunta esakhiweni esincane senaliti kanye nezihlahla zikaphayini ezinamahlamvu abanzi kufana nesikhunta esishintsha umbala.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, kungabangela nokubola okuthambile kwezinkuni njengokhunta olushintsha umbala.Ezinye isikhunta zinomonakalo omncane ezindongeni zamangqamuzana okhuni.Isikhunta kanye nesikhunta esishintsha umbala ngokuyinhloko sithatha ama-polysaccharides kumangqamuzana okhuni, futhi i-hyphae ngokuvamile ivela kumaseli amaningi e-ray parenchyma.Ukungena kwe-hyphae ikakhulukazi ngegebe le-fiber.
I-Wood Mold inhibitor:
Ama-ejenti okulawula isikhunta sokhuni kanye nokushintsha umbala ngokuhlangene abizwa ngokuthi ama-wood mold inhibitors.Ama-halogenated phenols kanye nosawoti wawo we-sodium (njenge-pentachlorophenol ne-sodium pentachlorophenate yimithi ebulala isikhunta esetshenziswa kakhulu emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule. Njengoba ama-carcinogens atholakala ku-pentachlorophenol, amazwe amaningi (izifunda) avimbele ngokuphelele noma Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-halophenol antifungal ejenti yokhuni. sithintana nomzimba womuntu, futhi sizinikele ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwama-antifungal agents anobuthi obuphansi, i-organic iodine (IPBC), i-chlorothalonil (i-chlorothalonil), usawoti we-quaternary ammonium (DDAC, BAC), i-triazoles, i-Quinoline (CU-8) , i-naphthenate (i-naphthenate yethusi) ukuhlolwa kwe-anti-mildew kanye nebala eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubonisa ukuthi kuvame ukuba nebanga elikhulu phakathi kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kobuthi basendlini kanye nezicelo ezingokoqobo, futhi ukuhlolwa kwensimu kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kuhlolwe izinkuni ama-anti-fungal agents Kunezinhlobo eziningi. isikhunta, futhi ukumelana nezidakamizwa kushintsha kakhulu; ukumelana nezidakamizwa kwesikhunta kuvame ukuba namandla kunamabhaktheriya ashintsha umbala; ukuhlangana kwemithi ewuketshezi yokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwamabala aluhlaza kanye nokubunjwa kwezinhlobo zezihlahla ezahlukene ezindaweni ezahlukene kungase kungabi ncamashi. okufanayo.Ukuze kwandiswe umsebenzi obanzi we-anti-fungal agents Ucansi, ukuthuthukisa umphumela we-bactericidal, futhi kucwaningwe futhi kwathuthukiswa ama-antifungal amaningi wezinkuni ezihlanganisiwe ekhaya naphesheya.
Isingeniso sezindlela eziningana zokuvimbela isikhutha:
Ngokusho kokwethulwa kukaDavid ovela ku-gzzxsc, umkhiqizi we-antifungal wokhuni, izindlela zokwelapha ze-antifungal zokhuni zingelashwa ngokomiswa, ukufuthwa kwesibabule, ukufuthwa kwe-antifungal agent, i-antifungal agent exutshwe namanzi, kanye ne-antifungal agent exutshwe namanzi.Ukhuni lunokumelana nesikhutha ukugwema ukuguguleka kokhuni yisikhunta.Imboni ngayinye yokucubungula izinkuni, ifenisha yefenisha noma imboni yezandla ingakhetha izindlela zokwelashwa ezihlukene zokulwa nesikhutha ngokuya ngesimo sefekthri uqobo.
1. Indlela yokomisa ukuvimbela ukukhunta kwezinkuni:
Ukhuni luyayomiswa, futhi kusetshenziswa izinto ezikhethekile ekushiseleni ukhuni.Ukomiswa kwegumbi elivamile (iziko) kubhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwamakamelo okomisa izinkuni (iziko) ukuze omise izinkuni.Ingakwazi ukulawula ngokuzenzakalelayo izimo zokomisa ukhuni, okubizwa ngokuthi ukomiswa kwegumbi noma ukomisa iziko.Njengamanje, ekukhiqizeni okomisa izinkuni ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, ukoma okuvamile kwamakamelo kuhlanganisa i-85% -90% yokukhiqiza izinkuni.Umthombo wokushisa osetshenziswayo yi-heater ye-steam, okudingeka ifakwe i-boiler ye-steam.Le ndlela iyabiza.Nakuba inganciphisa umswakama, ayikwazi ukuxazulula inkinga.Isibonelo, indawo lapho izinkuni zigcinwa khona inomswakama ophezulu, futhi izinkuni zizophinda zimunce umswakama, okuzokwandisa umswakama wezinkuni futhi kubangele isikhunta.Le ndlela yokuvimbela isikhunta sezinkuni Ifanele ukugcinwa kwesikhashana kwezinkuni noma isitoreji sonyaka ngomswakama ophansi nokushisa.
2. Indlela yokufutha isibabule ukuvimbela ukukhunta kwezinkuni:
Ekuqaleni, i-sulphur fumigation yayisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela isikhutha, ukugqwala kanye nezinambuzane ezinkuni, futhi umswakama wokhuni wawudingeka ube mkhulu kuno-5%.I-sulphur fumigation iwukuthi umhwamuko wesulfure nomhwamuko wamanzi ungasabela wakhe i-sulphur dioxide, ejova emicu yokhuni ngaphansi kwengcindezi evamile cishe imizuzu engama-25.Ukushiswa kwesibabule kuzokwakha i-sulphur dioxide, okuzodlula kakhulu izinga.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isibabule sinezinsimbi ezinzima ezifana nomthofu ne-mercury, okuzophinde kubangele ubuthi bomthofu noma ubuthi be-mercury emzimbeni womuntu.Ngenxa yezidingo zokuvikela imvelo, le ndlela yokuvimbela isikhunta sezinkuni ayinconywa.
3. Indlela yokufafaza ukuvikela isikhutha sokhuni:
Le ndlela ifaneleka ekwelapheni uqalo namapulangwe okhuni.njll.) Uma ifakwe i-anti-fungal ejenti, izodala ukuwohloka, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa i-ejenti ye-anti-fungal yokhuni ukuze ufafaze phezu kwayo, futhi uthintane ngokuqondile nomnikezeli we-anti-fungal agent ukuze uthenge i-ejenti ye-anti-fungal yokhuni ewomisa ngokushesha. yokwelashwa.Ezimbonini zoqalo kanye nebhodi lezinkuni, Umugqa wokuhlanganisa ungamiswa, futhi i-agent ye-antifungal yokuzenzakalelayo imishini yokufafaza ingasethwa emgqeni womhlangano.Lapho umshini uzwa ukuthi ipuleti liyadlula, umlomo wombhobho uzofafaza ngokuzenzakalelayo i-ejenti ye-antifungal ukuze ivale ipuleti, futhi okokomisa kungase kwengezwe ekugcineni okungemuva ukuze kumiswe.Le ndlela inganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezisebenzi nemithi.Uma isilinganiso sincane noma kungenangqondo ukusetha ibhokisi lesifutho, ungasebenzisa ngokuqondile isifutho ukuze ufafaze ngokulinganayo ebusweni bebhodi noma usebenzise i-mop ehlanzekile efakwe ku-ejenti ukuze uxube ebhodini.
4. Indlela yokucwiliswa ukuze uvimbele ukukhunta kwezinkuni:
Ukuze uqinisekise umphumela wokulwa nesikhutha kanye nezinambuzane zoqalo, ukhuni, i-rattan, utshani nemikhiqizo yazo ngemva kokwelashwa, cwilisa izinkuni ngesixazululo sesitoko se-anti-fungal ejenti, nesisindo soqalo, ukhuni, i-rattan, futhi utshani kufanele bukhule ngo-15% -20% (cishe imizuzu engu-5-10).Amazwana: Uketshezi olucwiliswayo lulungiswa ngokwesilinganiso se-1:20 (5Kg i-ejenti ye-antifungal yokhuni: 100Kg amanzi).Uqalo, ukhuni, i-rattan, utshani kanye nemikhiqizo yabo konke kucwiliswa emuthini owuketshezi olungiselelwe (ungavezi indawo yamanzi), futhi ngemuva kokufinyelela isisindo sesisindo esingu-15% -20%, ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa isikhathi sokucwiliswa kanye nesisindo ngokushona. kumswakama owomile wokhuni loqalo, bese ukhipha amaconsi Umuthi owuketshezi olomisiwe, owomisiwe emoyeni noma omiswe elangeni bese ufakwa endaweni yokugcina.Ukwelashwa ngokhuni lwe-bamboo ngezinga elikhulu kudinga ukwakhiwa kwechibi, okulula ukulisebenzisa.
5. Indlela ye-vacuum yokucindezela ukuvimbela isikhunta sokhuni:
Indlela yokufaka izinkuni esitsheni se-vacuum, futhi ukhiphe umoya endaweni ye-wood cell ukuze wenze ukucindezela okungalungile.Thela ikhambi le-agent ye-antifungal yokhuni esitsheni ngaphansi kwezimo ze-vacuum, futhi umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwamaseli uzokwenza uketshezi lungene okhunini.Indlela ye-vacuum inomphumela omuhle wokwelapha futhi okokusebenza kulula.Ngokuvamile, ingafakwa futhi isetshenziswe kumapheyali amakhulu amadala, ama-promenade, nezindawo zokulungisa.Khulisa ukucindezela okuthile esitsheni esikhethekile esingangeni moya, bese ujova i-ejenti ye-antifungal yokhuni ezimbotsheni ze-wood fiber.Umphumela wokwelashwa kwengcindezi ungcono kunezinye izindlela.I-ejenti ye-antifungal yokhuni ingena ngokujulile futhi isabalalise ngokulinganayo.Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, okukhiphayo okukhulu, kulula ukufeza ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-anti-isikhunta kanye ne-anti-corrosion ye-bamboo nezinkuni ezinobuningi obukhulu kanye nokungena okunzima kwamakhemikhali.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokhuni olulungisiwe kumaphrojekthi amakhulu futhi agxilile okulungisa ama-pavilions asendulo nama-promenade, amathangi amancane okwelapha anengcindezi angafakwa futhi njengoba kudingeka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-03-2022
